These heaters do not produce discharge sounds or electrical noise like igniters that use high voltage to produce sparks. The initial flame is not localized as with spark ignition. Instead, stable ignition performance is achieved with the flame forming along a place. Also, the high watt density provides excellent heat efficiency, contributing to high output in compact systems, energy savings, and reduced weight. These heaters make it possible to build vaporizers that are more compact and provide better performance. The resistors are manufactured by printing a pattern on a substrate made of alumina or silicon nitride ceramic, then applying another layer of ceramic over it, and sintering the entire unit. This completely isolates the resistors from the air, preventing them from being oxidized. The resistors provide superior performance in high-temperature strength, mechanical strength, thermal shock resistance, electrical insulation, high-voltage resistance, and chemical resistance. There is no danger of shorting even when they come in contact with metal.       APPLICATIONS ・ Gas-fired heating equipment / furnaces ・ Oil-fired heating equipment   (for vaporization and ignition) ・ Other MATERIALS Insulator ・ Alumina 95%, 90%, 75%, 50% ・ Mullite ・ Steatite Heater ・ Silicon nitride (Si3N4) KYOCERA   APPLICATIONS ・ Oil-fired heating equipment   (for vaporization and ignition) ・ Soldering irons ・ Water heaters MATERIALS Insulator ・ Alumina 95%, 90%, 75%, 50% ・ Mullite ・ Steatite Heater ・ Alumina (Al2O3) KYOCERA